Multithreading

Multithreading gives programs the ability to do several things at a time. Each stream of execution is called a thread. Multithreading is used to divide lengthy tasks into different segments that would otherwise abort programs. Threads are mainly used to utilize the processor to a maximum extent by avoiding it's idle time. Threading lets a program seem as if it is executing several tasks at once. What actually happens is, the time gets divided by the computer into parts and when a new thread starts, that thread gets a portion of the divided time. Threads in VB .NET are based on the namespace System.Threading.

Creating Threads

To create threads lets work with an example. The following example is an extract from Steven Holzner's reference, Programming with Visual Basic.NET- Black Book. Open a new windows application and name it as Thread and add a class named count1 using the Projects->Add Class item. This class will count from 1 to a specified value in a data member named CountTo when you call the Count method. After the count has reached the value in CountTo, a FinishedCounting event will  occur. The code for the Count class looks like this:

Public Class Count1 Public CountTo as Integer Public event FinishedCounting(By Val NumberOfMatches as Integer) Sub Count() Dim ind,tot as Integer tot=0 For ind=1 to CountTo tot+=1 Next ind RaiseEvent FinishedCounting(tot) 'makes the FinishedCounting event to occur End Sub End Class

Let's use this class with a new thread.  Get back to the main form and create an object of this class, counter1, and a new thread, Thread1. The code looks like this:

Public Class Form1 Inherits System.Windows.Forms.Form Dim counter1 as new Count1() Dim Thread1 as New System.Threading.Thread(Address of counter.Count)

Drag a Button and two TextBoxes (TextBox1, TextBox2) onto the form. Enter a number in TextBox1. The reason for entering a number in textbox is to allow the code to read the value specified in TextBox1 and display that value in TextBox2, with threading. The code for that looks like this:

Public Class Form1 Inherits System.Windows.Forms.Form Dim counter1 as new Count1() Dim Thread1 as New System.Threading.Thread(Address of counter.Count) Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender as System.Object, ByVal e as System.EventArgs)_ Handles Button1.Click TextBox2.Text=" " counter1.CountTo=TextBox1.Text AddHandler counter1.FinishedCounting,AddressOfFinishedCountingEventHandler 'adding handler to handle FinishedCounting Event Thread1.Start() 'starting the thread End Sub Sub FinishedCountingEventHandler(ByVal Count as Integer) 'FinishedCountingEventHandler TextBox2.Text=Count End Sub

The result of the above code displays the value entered in TextBox1, in TextBox2 with the difference being the Thread counting the value from 1 to the value entered in TextBox1.

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